The firm reason for Neanderthals extinction

The firm reason for Neanderthals extinction

By Ahmad Shammazadeh

We know the great populations of Neanderthals during some hundred thousands of years had scattered on many parts of earth, then from 12000 to 11000 years ago, suddenly disappeared from the planet!!

This subject has engaged the minds of many paleontologists, anthropologists and other researchers who looking for a logic and acceptable reason for Neanderthals extinction, but none of them could reach to such important reason yet. Some of them, like as prof. Pat Shipman has delivered some funny ideas and point of views as a reason for the extinction, and others in different ways.

I have followed this idea for more than 30 years up to date, and it is about 14 years which I have reached to my target by reading an article on meteorology and changing the climate of earth, released by prof. Farhanieh in a newspaper in Persian on 2001. I used this article as a firm reason for Neanderthals extinction in my article in Persian.

My article is unique article in anthropology contains a hypothesis which explains how human evolution exactly was, and it’s published in some websites, my blogs and my page in Academia:

• بررسی جایگاه انسانهای پیشین و انسان امروزی: https://www.academia.edu/10055759

Newly I have found an article in the Smithsonian.com under the title of Massive Impact Crater Found Under Greenland’s Ice and it motivated my brain to follow the matter one time more.

Fortunately I found the email of prof. Farhanieh, contacted and asked him about the source of his article.

He answered me kindly and wrote me:

“The article is based on some BBC TV programs under the title of The Big Chill, I watched them before 2000”.

Then, fortunately I found those videos easily in the Youtube, specially The Big Chill 2003 (Full documentary) which explains scientific reasons for changing of earth climate, with link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCUrljERHcA

Pasteurizing

By watching the video I came to this conclusion that The Almighty God Has used an especial method for Neanderthals extinction to replace human beings from Adam and Eve generation, which I have called this method Earth Pasteurizing from Neanderthals; because in the video prof. Ally explains surprisingly the climate changing was made so much unbelieving variable, such a way the climate of earth sometime would be warm up and then freeze several times in a year!! and by hitting his hand on another quickly, he shows how fast these changes were made!!

Cause of the cause

In the prof. Farhanieh’s article, the subject was considered pretty from different aspects, but something was neglected:

what was the cause of these phenomenal climate changes?

The below article, will answer this question and explains a logic and acceptable cause for this cause!

30 Nov. 2018, Ahmad Shammazadeh

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Massive Impact Crater Found Under Greenland’s Ice

Radar scans and sediment samples indicate a large meteorite blasted through the ice sheet between 3 million and 12,000 years ago

By Jason Daley

smithsonian.com
November 15, 2018

Unlike the moon or Mercury, where impact craters dominate the landscape, the pock marks caused by meteorite hits are much harder to find on Earth. That’s because our atmosphere limits the size of space rocks that actually smash into us, and erosion and rainfall often erase traces of ancient impacts. But some of the depressions survive the eons, and researchers have just found one of the largest ever discovered trapped beneath the ice of Greenland’s Hiawatha glacier.

Signs of the crater were first detected by NASA’s Operation Icebridge, an airborne mission that uses radar to track changes in ice on Greenland’s ice sheet. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen who examined the publically available data noticed an anomaly underneath the ice of Hiawatha that appeared to be a 19-mile-wide, 1,000-foot-deep crater, which, if confirmed, would be one of the top 25 largest craters known on Earth and the first to be found under the ice. (And it would be big enough to "swallow Washington, D.C., writes Paul Voosen at Science.)

The team then spent three years confirming the NASA data. Satellite images seemed to show a circular depression in the surface of the ice. The team also sent a German research plane equipped with new type of high-powered ice radar to map the crater in stunning detail, getting images of the 1,000-foot crater rim and the up wellings in the middle that accompany a meteorite strike. The team also put boots on the ground, collecting samples of sediment from channels washing out of the crater, which included bits of shocked quartz that can only be formed during a high-energy impact. They conclude that there is indeed a crater locked beneath the ice, the team reports in a study published in the journal Science Advances.

The next big questions ask exactly when the meteor hit and what kind of effect it had on the planet.

“The crater is exceptionally well-preserved, and that is surprising, because glacier ice is an incredibly efficient erosive agent that would have quickly removed traces of the impact,” says lead author Kurt H. Kjær from the Center for GeoGenetics at the Natural History Museum of Denmark in a press release. “But that means the crater must be rather young from a geological perspective. So far, it has not been possible to date the crater directly, but its condition strongly suggests that it formed after ice began to cover Greenland, so younger than 3 million years old and possibly as recently as 12,000 years ago toward the end of the last ice age.”

Science's Voosen reports that the impact would have been a pretty big global event. It’s believed that to create the crater, the iron meteor that struck Greenland would have to be half a mile to a mile across and would have had the force of a 700 megaton warhead. Such an impact would have been felt hundreds of miles away, would have warmed up that area of Greenland and may have rained rocky debris down on North America and Europe.

Some researchers believe it could have had an even more significant impact. About 12,800 years ago toward the end of the last ice age, the world was steadily warming up. Then, abruptly, the paleoclimate record shows that temperatures plummeted back to ice age norms for about 1,000 years, a cooling period called the Younger Dryas that has no definite explanation. According to one theory, a comet impact in Greenland would have melted ice and diluted the ocean current that transports warm water through the Atlantic, causing a re-freeze. Some have even suggested such an event could have led to massive forest fires in Europe and North America, leading to the end of megafauna like the mastodon and the human communities that hunted them, which also disappear from the record around this time.

“It’s a very speculative idea, but if this does turn out to be [the link], it would have had an outsize impact on human history,” Joseph MacGregor, a glaciologist with NASA tells Brian Clark Howard at National Geographic.

Attachments:

An article on Mail on line by Dan Bloom

Humans Hunting with Dogs: research into the relationship between Sapiens and wolves, the development of hunting techniques, and the effect on Neanderthals.

Always a man's best friend: Dogs bred from wolves helped humans take over from Neanderthal rivals in Europe 40,000 years ago, looks at the symbiotic relationship between Homo sapiens, humans, and Canis lupus, wolves and the significance this may have had over the demise of the Neanderthals.

According to the research of anthropologist Pat Shipman of Pennsylvania State University, this symbiotic relationship developed as wolves herded and trapped prey which were then killed by humans. The meat was then shared. She believes that this 'superior' hunting technique was not one adopted by Neanderthals.

Dr Shipman believes this relationship began some 40,000 years ago, much earlier than the putative view of 10,000 years ago, which contributed significantly to the success of Sapiens at the expense of Neanderthals.

The research, which provides the material for her publication 'The Invaders: How Humans and Their Dogs Drove Neanderthals to Extinction', is based on early dog remains. She examined 33,000-year-old fossils of dogs found in Siberia and Belgium, and looked at how the shapes of their jaws and skulls were different from wild wolves. Although there were similarities, the signs of domestication included shorter snouts, densely-packed teeth and wider jaws.

Editor's Note:

Clearly more archaeological research and evidence is required to clarify the timing of this undisputed relationship. Moreover, the demise of the Neanderthal was not due to any one factor. Finally, despite the fine image from the Tadrart Acacus in Libya (which is not 40,000 years old, more like 12,000) the distinct lack of canine depictions in the rock art of Upper Palaeolithic Europe does not flatter this hypothesis.

Read more about the current theories regarding the Neanderthals:

http://www.bradshawfoundation.com/origins/homo_neanderthalensis.php